approved repair method → prepare the work → control materials and workmanship → follow the specified procedure → inspect completed work → record deviations → verify repair quality
repair scope extent of damage underlying cause compatible with repair options
今天目标
主题：大概能说出来
语块：2个
主干：1个
完整句：不强求
① Day42旧句提取｜10分钟
中文 → 英文。
1
工程师在制定维修方案之前确定损伤范围。
参考
Engineers determine the extent of damage before developing the repair proposal.
2
维修方法应针对缺陷的根本原因。
参考
The repair method should address the underlying cause of the defect.
3
维修材料应与既有结构相容。
参考
Repair materials should be compatible with the existing structure.
4
工程师应把维修对既有结构的影响考虑进去。
参考
Engineers should take the impact of the repair on the existing structure into account.
5
工程师应在选择方法之前比较维修方案。
参考
Engineers should compare repair options before selecting a method.
记录：
完整：___/5
未完整：___句
主干救回：___/___
完整中文中转：___/5
② Anki｜15分钟
今天主要复习 Day41–42：
inspection findings
further investigation
repair scope
extent of damage
underlying cause
compatible with the existing structure
take … into account
今天的新词暂时只认识，不立刻全制卡。
③ 发音专项｜8分钟
今天重点词：
workmanship
施工质量 / 工艺质量
/ˈwɜːkmənʃɪp/
注意不是：
work + man + ship 三块分开硬读
整体：
WORK-mən-ship
quality control
质量控制
quality control
重音主要在：
QUALity conTROL
deviation
偏差；偏离
/ˌdiːviˈeɪʃən/
procedure
程序；施工程序
澳音大致：
/prəˈsiːdʒə/
compliance
符合性；合规性
/kəmˈplaɪəns/
工程语境：
compliance with the design 符合设计要求
④ 精听｜12分钟
今天句子故意短一点。
Sentence 1
第一句
Repair work should follow the approved method.
慢速：
常速：
第一遍听完：
可能留下：
参考
repair work / follow / approved method
关键词：
参考
work / follow / method
主干：
参考
Repair work should follow the method.
Sentence 2
第二句
Any deviation should be recorded and assessed.
慢速：
常速：
可能留下：
参考
deviation / recorded / assessed
主干：
参考
Deviation should be recorded and assessed.
今天重点：
不要试图先完整翻成：
“任何偏差应该被……”
先抓：
deviation → recorded → assessed
⑤ 顺序词 → 关键词 → 英文主干｜7分钟
今天专门降低句长，目标是把 0/3 拉回 2/3。
1
第一句
Engineers inspect the completed repair before accepting the work.
顺序词：
参考
engineers / inspect / completed repair / accepting / work
关键词：
参考
engineers / inspect / repair
主干：
参考
Engineers inspect the repair.
2
第二句
Repair materials should comply with the approved specification.
关键词：
参考
materials / comply / specification
主干：
参考
Repair materials should comply with the specification.
这里不能写：
materials should comply
因为：
comply with what?
3
第三句
Good workmanship is essential for long-term repair performance.
关键词：
参考
workmanship / essential / performance
主干：
参考
Good workmanship is essential.
稍微保留工程意义：
参考
Good workmanship is essential for repair performance.
记录：
顺序：___/3
关键词：___/3
主干：___/3
完整中文中转：___/3
Day43目标
顺序 2/3 关键词 2/3 主干至少 2/3
今天这一项比完整句重要。
⑥ 句子主干训练｜15分钟
今天继续练：
必要补足信息不能乱删。
练习1
Engineers check the repair materials before starting the work.
填写：
主语：
谓语：
宾语：
before starting the work：
主干：
练习2
The contractor should follow the approved repair procedure.
主语：
谓语：
宾语：
approved修饰：
主干：
练习3
Repair materials that do not comply with the specification should not be used.
主语：
that是什么从句：
that指代：
从句谓语：
with the specification是什么：
主句谓语：
主干：
练习4
Any deviation from the approved design should be recorded in the inspection report.
主语：
谓语：
from the approved design修饰：
in the inspection report：
主干：
练习5｜长一点
Before the repaired area is accepted, engineers should inspect the completed work and confirm that the repair complies with the approved design.
Before从句
主语：
谓语：
语态：
主句
主语：
谓语1：
宾语1：
谓语2：
that是什么从句：
that从句主语：
谓语：
补足信息：
最短有意义主干：
工程逻辑：
⑥参考答案
答案
1
Engineers check the repair materials before starting the work.
主语：Engineers
谓语：check
宾语：the repair materials
before starting the work：时间状语
主干：
Engineers check the repair materials.
2
主语：The contractor
谓语：should follow
宾语：the approved repair procedure
approved：修饰 repair procedure
主干：
The contractor should follow the repair procedure.
3
主语：
Repair materials
定语从句：
that do not comply with the specification
that = repair materials
谓语：do not comply
with the specification：comply 必需的介词补足信息
主句：
should not be used
推荐主干：
Materials that do not comply with the specification should not be used.
这里不要压成：
Materials should not be used.
因为核心判断条件消失了。
4
主语：
Any deviation
谓语：
should be recorded
from the approved design：
修饰 deviation
in the inspection report：
地点/记录载体信息
推荐：
Any deviation from the design should be recorded.
5
Before从句：
the repaired area / is accepted
被动语态。
主句：
engineers should inspect / the completed work and confirm / that…
that从句：
the repair / complies / with the approved design
推荐主干：
Engineers should inspect the repair and confirm that it complies with the design.
工程逻辑：
完工 → 检查 → 验证符合设计 → 接受维修成果
⑦ Grammar｜before / after + V-ing
结构1
before + V-ing
当两个动作的主语相同时，很常见：
Engineers assess the damage before selecting a repair method.
两个动作都是：
engineers assess engineers select
所以第二个主语可以省：
before selecting
结构2
before + 主语 + 谓语
如果需要明确另一件事：
Before repair work begins, engineers should check the materials.
这里：
repair work / begins
是完整从句。
after同理
After completing the repair, engineers inspect the area.
主语都是 engineers。
也可以：
After the repair is completed, engineers inspect the area.
6题
选择正确形式。
1
Engineers check the materials before ___ the repair.
A. starting B. start
2
Before the repair ___, all materials should be checked.
A. begins B. beginning
3
Engineers inspect the area after ___ the repair.
A. completing B. complete
4
After the repair ___ completed, the area should be inspected.
A. is B. being
5
The contractor should review the drawings before ___ work.
A. commencing B. commence
6
Before work ___, the approved procedure should be confirmed.
A. starts B. starting
答案
答案：
1A / 2A / 3A / 4A / 5A / 6A
⑧ 主动 / 被动｜5题
1
Engineers inspect the completed repair.
答案
✅ 主动
2
The completed repair is inspected by engineers.
答案
✅ 被动
3
Any deviation should record in the report.
答案
❌
Any deviation should be recorded in the report.
4
The contractor should follow the approved procedure.
答案
✅ 主动
5
The repair materials must check before use.
答案
❌
The repair materials must be checked before use.
⑨ 阅读｜20～25分钟
Quality Control During Repair Work
Repair work should be carried out in accordance with the approved design and repair procedure. Before work begins, engineers should confirm that the proposed materials and construction methods are suitable for the intended repair.
Quality control should continue throughout the repair process. Materials, workmanship, dimensions, surface preparation, and installation procedures may all affect the performance of the completed repair.
Any significant deviation from the approved design should be recorded and assessed. Where a deviation may affect structural performance, engineers should determine whether the repair proposal needs to be revised.
After the repair is completed, the repaired area should be inspected. The final inspection should confirm that the work has been completed satisfactorily and that the repaired area is consistent with the approved design.
⑩ 段意｜8分钟
P1
approved design / materials / methods
核心：
施工前确认材料和施工方法符合批准方案。
P2
quality control / workmanship / installation
核心：
施工全过程需要质量控制。
P3
deviation / assess / revise
核心：
明显偏差需要记录、评估，必要时修改方案。
P4
final inspection / satisfactorily / approved design
核心：
完工后检查维修结果是否符合要求。
最后关掉文章：
恢复 2个段意 就合格。
⑪ 长难句
Where a deviation may affect structural performance, engineers should determine whether the repair proposal needs to be revised.
先看结构。
Where从句
a deviation / may affect / structural performance
这里 where：
在……情况下
主句
engineers / should determine / whether…
whether从句：
the repair proposal / needs to be revised
注意：
needs to be revised
= 需要被修改
主干
Engineers should determine whether the proposal needs revision.
自然中文：
如果某项偏差可能影响结构性能，工程师应判断维修方案是否需要修改。
⑫ 阅读题
英文回答。
What should repair work be carried out in accordance with?
What should engineers confirm before work begins?
What factors may affect the performance of the completed repair?
What should happen to significant deviations from the approved design?
What should engineers do if a deviation may affect structural performance?
What should the final inspection confirm?
⑬ Rewrite
1
主动 → 被动
Engineers inspect the repaired area after completion.
2
自然改写，使用 comply with
The repair work should be consistent with the approved design.
⑭ Writing｜10分钟
任务一｜纠错
Repair work should follow the approved procedure.
Any significant deviation should be record.
Engineers should confirms the repair quality.
Materials must be checked before use.
The repair proposal may need to be revised.
任务二｜because
Quality control is important because ______.
参考
参考方向：
poor workmanship may affect the long-term performance of the repair.
任务三｜before
Engineers should check the repair materials before ______.
参考
参考：
starting the work.
⑮ Shadowing｜15分钟
今天开始加入自然语流标注
句子比昨天短。
Sentence 1
第一句
Repair work should follow the approved method.
说明
意群
Repair work / should follow / the approved method.
重音
rePAIR WORK / should FOLlow / approved METHOD
自然语流
work should
/k/ + /ʃ/
work末尾 /k/ 在 /ʃ/ 前通常不会很重地爆出来，可以做不完全爆破：
work̚ should
不要：
WORK-KUH SHOULD
approved method
/d/ + /m/
approved末尾 /d/ 接 /m/，d通常轻收住，不要额外加元音：
approved̚ method
Sentence 2
第二句
Materials should be checked before use.
说明
意群
Materials / should be checked / before use.
重音
maTERials / CHECKED / USE
弱读
should 非强调时可以比较轻：
/ʃəd/ 或较弱的 /ʃʊd/
不要每次都重读 SHOULD。
checked before
/t/ + /b/
两个辅音相邻，checked末尾 /t/ 通常不完全爆破：
checked̚ before
Sentence 3
第三句
Any deviation should be recorded in the report.
说明
意群
Any deviation / should be recorded / in the report.
重音
deviAtion / reCORDed / rePORT
recorded in
这里后面是元音 /ɪ/：
recorded‿in
末尾 /d/ 可以自然连接到：
in
不要停顿：
recorded / in ❌
in the
the 在辅音前通常弱读：
the /ðə/
所以整体：
in the report
不要每个词都一样重。
Sentence 4
第四句
Engineers inspect the repair after completion.
说明
意群
Engineers / inspect the repair / after completion.
Quality control should continue throughout the repair process. Materials and workmanship can affect the long-term performance of the completed repair. Any significant deviation should be recorded and assessed.
不要重录。
⑰ RS｜6句
今天继续短句。
1
第一句
Engineers inspect the repair work.
慢速：
常速：
2
第二句
Materials should be checked before use.
慢速：
常速：
3
第三句
Quality control is essential.
慢速：
常速：
4
第四句
Any deviation should be recorded.
慢速：
常速：
5
第五句
The repair must comply with the design.
慢速：
常速：
6
第六句
Engineers verify the quality of the completed work.
