Structural Assessment Before Strengthening 加固前的结构评估
预计时间：2.5—3小时
今日目标：
旧句完整说出至少3句；
精听两句都完成最短主干复述；
句子主干5/5；
阅读稳定记住2个段意；
Rewrite保持2/2；
RS单遍主干4/6；
Speaking主干4/4、完整句至少3/4。
① 旧句提取｜8分钟
今天只使用你确实练过的句子。
1
结构加固可以提高承载能力。
参考
Structural strengthening can increase load-carrying capacity.
2
有效维修必须处理根本原因。
参考
Effective repair must address the underlying cause.
3
合理维修可以恢复结构性能。
参考
Appropriate repairs may restore structural performance.
4
附加配筋可以提高构件强度。
参考
Additional reinforcement can increase member strength.
5
良好维护可以延长结构使用寿命。
参考
Good maintenance can extend structural service life.
说不出完整句时，依次降级：
关键词
strengthening / capacity
最短主干
Strengthening increases capacity.
完整句
Structural strengthening can increase load-carrying capacity.
记录：
完整句：___/5
主干：___/5
② Anki｜25分钟
先复习旧卡。
今日重点复习 Day 21 的5个词块：
structural strengthening：结构加固
appropriate repair method：合适的维修方法
extent of damage：损伤程度或范围
load-carrying capacity：承载能力
underlying cause：根本原因
复习时不要只看懂，要完成：
中文 → 大声说英文 → 翻面 → 读例句
今天最多新增5张卡，等最后词汇筛选后制作。
③ 发音专项｜10分钟
今天练4个词：
assessment
assess
capacity
existing
assessment
as-SESS-ment
注意中间是双 /s/ 感觉，不要把重音放在开头。
assess
a-SESS
capacity
ca-PAC-i-ty
existing
ex-IS-ting
语块练习
structural assessment
assess the damage
assess load-carrying capacity
existing structure
existing condition
练习句
Engineers assess the existing structure before strengthening.
A detailed assessment can determine load-carrying capacity.
④ 精听｜12分钟
今天仍以熟悉词汇为主，只增加 assessment。
句子1
第一句
Engineers assess structural damage before selecting a repair method.
慢速：
常速：
句子2
第二句
A detailed assessment can identify weaknesses in existing members.
慢速：
常速：
第一遍：默认语速
只写关键词。
第一句
engineers / assess / damage / repair method
第二句
assessment / identify / weaknesses / members
第二遍：-15%
检查容易漏掉的声音：
assess structural
before selecting
can identify
existing members
第三遍：默认语速
完成三级复述。
句子1
关键词：
engineers / damage / method
最短主干：
Engineers assess damage.
加细节：
Engineers assess damage before repair.
句子2
关键词：
assessment / weaknesses / members
最短主干：
Assessment identifies weaknesses.
加细节：
A detailed assessment identifies member weaknesses.
今日最低要求：
两句都说出正确的最短主干。
⑤ 句子主干训练｜10分钟
先自己完成，再看答案。
练习1
Engineers assess the condition of existing structural members.
填写：
主语：
谓语：
宾语：
修饰宾语的部分：
练习2
Detailed calculations can determine the remaining load-carrying capacity.
填写：
主语：
谓语：
宾语：
练习3
Inspection records help engineers understand how damage has developed.
填写：
主语：
谓语：
宾语：
补充动作：
补充动作的宾语：
练习4
Material testing may provide reliable information about structural strength.
填写：
主语：
谓语：
宾语：
补充信息：
练习5：长句
Before engineers select a strengthening method, they must determine whether the existing structure can safely carry the required loads.
填写：
Before从句主语：
Before从句谓语：
Before从句宾语：
主句主语：
主句谓语：
主句宾语：
whether从句主语：
whether从句谓语：
whether从句宾语：
副词：
主句主干：
答案
参考答案
1
主语：Engineers
谓语：assess
宾语：the condition of existing structural members
修饰宾语：of existing structural members
中心宾语：
condition
主干：
Engineers assess the condition.
2
主语：Detailed calculations
谓语：can determine
宾语：the remaining load-carrying capacity
主干：
Calculations can determine capacity.
3
主语：Inspection records
谓语：help
宾语：engineers
补充动作：understand
补充动作的宾语：how damage has developed
核心：
Records help engineers understand damage.
4
主语：Material testing
谓语：may provide
宾语：reliable information
补充信息：about structural strength
主干：
Testing may provide information.
5
Before从句：
主语：engineers
谓语：select
宾语：a strengthening method
主句：
主语：they
谓语：must determine
宾语：whether从句
Whether从句：
主语：the existing structure
谓语：can carry
宾语：the required loads
副词：safely
主句主干：
They must determine whether the structure can carry the loads.
更短：
They must determine capacity.
⑥ Grammar｜Unit 10
今天学习：
Present perfect continuous and simple 现在完成进行时与现在完成时的比较
1. 强调持续过程
Engineers have been monitoring the crack for six months.
工程师已经持续监测这条裂缝六个月了。
重点：
监测一直在持续。
结构：
have/has been + 动词-ing
2. 强调结果或完成数量
Engineers have measured the crack six times.
工程师已经测量这条裂缝六次了。
重点：
已完成六次测量。
结构：
have/has + 过去分词
对比
持续多久
I have been studying English for three weeks.
完成了多少
I have completed twenty-one study days.
今日练习
选择正确形式。
Engineers have monitored / have been monitoring the crack since January.
The team has repaired / has been repairing four damaged beams.
Workers have strengthened / have been strengthening the column for five hours.
The engineer has completed / has been completing the assessment report.
We have inspected / have been inspecting three buildings this week.
参考答案
参考答案
have been monitoring 强调从一月持续到现在。
have repaired 强调已经修好四根梁。
have been strengthening 强调持续五个小时。
has completed 强调报告已经完成。
have inspected 强调已经完成三栋建筑的检查。
简单判断方法
看到：
for three hours
since January
all morning
通常优先考虑：
have been doing
看到：
three beams
five inspections
the report
强调数量或完成结果时，通常优先：
have done
⑦ 今日阅读｜25分钟
Assessing an Existing Structure
Before repairing or strengthening an existing structure, engineers need to understand its current condition. A structural assessment may include document review, visual inspection, material testing, measurements, and structural calculations.
Engineers first review available drawings, calculation reports, construction records, and earlier inspection information. These documents may explain the original design assumptions, materials, member sizes, and previous repairs.
A visual inspection can identify cracks, corrosion, deformation, concrete spalling, and other signs of damage. Engineers may measure crack widths, member dimensions, and structural movement. Material testing can also provide information about concrete strength or steel condition.
The collected information is then used to assess structural safety, serviceability, and remaining load-carrying capacity. A reliable assessment helps engineers decide whether repair, strengthening, continued monitoring, or replacement is required.
⑧ 段落概括｜8分钟
第一段
段意：
维修或加固前，需要全面了解结构现状。
关键词：
assessment / condition / testing
第二段
段意：
工程师通过图纸和历史记录了解原设计和既往维修。
关键词：
documents / design / records
第三段
段意：
现场检查和材料检测可以发现并测量结构损伤。
关键词：
inspection / measure / damage
第四段
段意：
评估结果用于决定维修、加固、监测还是更换。
关键词：
assess / capacity / decision
今日要求：
不看文章稳定说出至少2个段意。
⑨ 今日长难句解析
原句：
The collected information is then used to assess structural safety, serviceability, and remaining load-carrying capacity.
The collected information / is then used / to assess structural safety, / serviceability, / and remaining load-carrying capacity.
自然翻译
随后利用收集到的信息评估结构安全性、正常使用性能以及剩余承载能力。
仿写
Inspection records are used to assess structural deterioration and repair needs.
⑩ 阅读题 Part A
Q1
What may a structural assessment include?
Q2
What information may engineers obtain from existing documents?
Q3
What may engineers identify and measure during a visual inspection?
Q4
How does a reliable assessment help engineers?
⑪ Rewrite｜2句
今天继续主动和被动改写。
1
原句：
Engineers use inspection records to assess structural condition.
提示：
Inspection records are…
参考结构：
are + 过去分词 + to do
2
原句：
Material testing can provide reliable information.
提示：
Reliable information can…
参考结构：
can + be + 过去分词
自己先写，不要先看答案。
参考
参考答案
Inspection records are used to assess structural condition.
Reliable information can be provided by material testing.
第二句虽然语法正确，更自然的表达仍是主动句：
Material testing can provide reliable information.
但作为Rewrite练习，被动写法成立。
⑫ Writing｜12分钟
任务一：纠错
Structural condition can assess through inspection.
Engineers can review existing records.
Reliable information may be provided by material testing.
Detailed calculations can determines remaining capacity.
答案
正确：
Structural condition can be assessed through inspection.
Engineers can review existing records. ✅
Reliable information may be provided by material testing. ✅
Detailed calculations can determine remaining capacity.
任务二：because
完成：
Engineers review earlier inspection records because ______.
参考
参考：
Engineers review earlier inspection records because the records may show how damage has developed.
任务三：before
合并：
Engineers select a strengthening method. They assess the existing structure.
参考
参考：
Before engineers select a strengthening method, they assess the existing structure.
更专业：
Engineers assess the existing structure before selecting a strengthening method.
⑬ Shadowing｜20分钟
今天四句：
Engineers assess existing structures before repair or strengthening. Inspection records provide information about previous damage. Visual inspections can identify cracks, corrosion, and deformation. Detailed calculations help determine remaining load-carrying capacity.
意群
Engineers assess / existing structures / before repair or strengthening.
Inspection records / provide information / about previous damage.
Visual inspections / can identify / cracks, corrosion, and deformation.
Detailed calculations / help determine / remaining load-carrying capacity.
训练步骤
-10%逐句跟读；
每句读顺后说中文；
默认速度整段；
三级复述。
最低复述1
关键词：
engineers / assess / structures
主干：
Engineers assess structures.
最低复述2
关键词：
inspections / identify / damage
主干：
Inspections identify damage.
加细节
Visual inspections identify cracks and corrosion.
今天不要求整段无稿复述。
⑭ RA｜8分钟
Engineers assess existing structures before selecting repair or strengthening methods. They review drawings, inspect visible damage, and carry out measurements or material tests. A reliable assessment helps determine structural safety, serviceability, and remaining load-carrying capacity.
