Engineers review the final records before handover.
填写：
主语：
谓语：
宾语：
修饰宾语：
时间补充：
主干：
练习2
The contractor should correct any outstanding defects.
填写：
主语：
谓语：
宾语：
修饰宾语：
主干：
练习3
Handover documentation provides the owner with a record of the completed repair.
填写：
主语：
谓语：
宾语：
with补充：
修饰record：
主干：
练习4
The maintenance plan identifies when future inspections should be carried out.
填写：
主语：
谓语：
宾语是什么类型：
when从句主语：
when从句谓语：
主动还是被动：
主干：
练习5：长句
Before the project is formally closed, engineers should verify that all outstanding defects have been addressed and that the final documentation accurately records the completed repair.
填写：
Before从句主语：
Before从句谓语：
方式补充：
主句主语：
主句谓语：
主句宾语是什么：
第一个that从句主语：
第一个that从句谓语：
第二个that从句主语：
第二个that从句谓语：
第二个that从句方式补充：
主句最短主干：
整句逻辑：
参考答案
参考答案｜完成后再看
练习1
主语：Engineers
谓语：review
宾语：the records
修饰宾语：final
时间补充：before handover
主干：
Engineers review the records.
练习2
主语：The contractor
谓语：should correct
宾语：any defects
修饰宾语：outstanding
主干：
The contractor should correct defects.
练习3
主语：Handover documentation
谓语：provides
宾语：the owner
with补充：with a record
修饰record：of the completed repair
主干：
Documentation provides the owner with a record.
固定结构：
provide somebody with something
练习4
主语：The maintenance plan
谓语：identifies
宾语：when引导的宾语从句
when从句主语：future inspections
when从句谓语：should be carried out
被动语态
主干：
The plan identifies when inspections should be carried out.
练习5
Before从句：
主语：the project
谓语：is closed
方式补充：formally
被动语态
主句：
主语：engineers
谓语：should verify
宾语：两个并列的that从句
第一个that从句：
主语：all outstanding defects
谓语：have been addressed
第二个that从句：
主语：the final documentation
谓语：records
方式补充：accurately
宾语：the completed repair
最短主干：
Engineers should verify two things.
整句逻辑：
项目正式结束之前 → 确认全部遗留缺陷已处理 → 确认最终文件准确记录了修复工作
⑦ Grammar｜现在完成时被动
核心结构
have/has been + 过去分词
表示过去已经完成，而且结果与现在有关。
The repairs have been completed.
The defects have been corrected.
The final report has been approved.
与一般过去时比较
有明确过去时间：
The contractor corrected the defect yesterday.
强调现在结果：
The defect has been corrected, so handover can proceed.
练习
选择正确形式。
Engineers have completed / completed the inspection yesterday.
All outstanding defects have been corrected / corrected, so handover can proceed.
The contractor has submitted / submitted the final documents last Friday.
The structure has remained / remained stable since the repair was completed.
The drawings have been approved / approved and can now be issued.
Engineers have recorded / recorded all monitoring results, so project close-out can proceed.
答案
答案
completed
have been corrected
submitted
has remained
have been approved
have recorded
⑧ 主动与被动判断｜6分钟
判断正误并改错。
The contractor corrected the defect.
The defect was corrected by the contractor.
Final records have been approved.
Engineers may be review the documents.
The project may be closed after handover.
答案
答案
正确，主动
正确，被动
正确，被动
错误：
Engineers may review the documents.
正确，被动
⑨ 今日阅读｜25分钟
Project Close-Out and Maintenance Planning
Project close-out begins after the repair work, monitoring, and final inspection have been completed. Engineers should confirm that the completed work satisfies the design requirements and that all required records are available.
Any outstanding defects should be identified and addressed before formal handover. The contractor may need to complete additional remedial work, provide missing information, or correct inaccurate drawings.
Handover documentation normally includes inspection records, monitoring results, drawings, details of the completed repair, and recommendations for future maintenance. These records provide the owner with important information about the repaired structure.
A maintenance plan should identify future inspection requirements, recommended inspection intervals, and any areas that require particular attention. Appropriate maintenance and periodic inspection can help preserve the long-term performance of the repaired structure.
⑩ 段落概括｜8分钟
每段先用一句中文概括，再保留2—3个英文关键词。
第一段
中文：
项目收尾开始前，应确认修复、监测和最终检查已经完成。
关键词：
close-out / completed work / records
第二段
中文：
正式移交前，应处理所有遗留缺陷和缺失资料。
关键词：
outstanding defects / remedial work / correct drawings
第三段
中文：
移交文件应完整记录修复工作，并为业主提供必要信息。
关键词：
handover documentation / records / owner
第四段
中文：
维护计划应规定未来检查要求和检查周期。
关键词：
maintenance plan / inspection intervals / long-term performance
最终闭眼说出至少两个段意。
⑪ 长难句解析
Before the project is formally closed, engineers should verify that all outstanding defects have been addressed and that the final documentation accurately records the completed repair.
主句
Engineers should verify…
主干：
Engineers should verify two things.
第一个that从句
that all outstanding defects have been addressed
主干：
Defects have been addressed.
第二个that从句
that the final documentation accurately records the completed repair
主干：
Documentation records the repair.
关键结构
两个that从句并列：
verify that A and that B
不是：
第一个that从句里面包含第二个that从句。
自然翻译
在项目正式结束之前，工程师应确认所有遗留缺陷均已处理，并确认最终文件准确记录了已完成的修复工作。
⑫ 阅读题 Part A
Q1
When does project close-out begin?
Q2
What may the contractor need to do before formal handover?
Q3
What information is normally included in handover documentation?
Q4
What should a maintenance plan identify?
Q5
How can maintenance and periodic inspection help the repaired structure?
⑬ Rewrite｜2句
1
Engineers have corrected all outstanding defects.
改为被动：
All outstanding defects…
2
The maintenance plan identifies future inspection requirements.
改为被动：
Future inspection requirements…
⑭ Writing｜12分钟
任务一：纠错
The final documents have been approved.
Outstanding defects should be correct before handover.
Engineers may close the project after all records have been reviewed.
The owner should receives the handover documents.
Maintenance recommendations are included in the final report.
任务二：because
完成：
Handover documentation is important because ______.
任务三：after
合并：
All outstanding defects have been corrected. The project may be formally closed.
使用：
After…
⑮ Shadowing｜20分钟
今天必须区分“照稿熟读”和“真正跟随音频”。
四句话
今日材料
Engineers review the final records. Outstanding defects should be corrected before handover. The maintenance plan identifies future inspection requirements. The project may be closed after all documents have been approved.
正确流程
第一阶段：看稿听音频｜3分钟
只听1—2遍，标出意群，不抢着自己读。
第一句
Engineers review / the final records.
第二句
Outstanding defects should be corrected before handover.
第三句
The maintenance plan identifies future inspection requirements.
第四句
The project may be closed after all documents have been approved.
第二阶段：看稿跟随音频｜5分钟
落后音频大约半秒。
注意：
音频停，你也停；
音频加快，你也跟着加快；
不按自己的节奏熟读。
第三阶段：不看稿Shadowing｜8分钟
每句听3遍左右。
不要求全部说对，优先保住：
重读词；
单词顺序；
句子节奏；
主谓骨架。
第四阶段：脱离音频提取｜4分钟
例如：
engineers / review / records
恢复：
Engineers review the records.
最后再尝试完整句。
今日目标
纯听跟读：4句都尝试；
英文关键词：4/4；
主干：3/4；
完整句：2/4；
直接英文主干：1/4即可，未达到也正常。
⑯ RA｜8分钟
只录一次，不重录。
Before a repair project is formally closed, engineers should verify that all outstanding defects have been addressed. Handover documentation should accurately record the completed work and include recommendations for future maintenance and inspection.
重点词：
formally
verify
outstanding
addressed
handover
accurately
recommendations
maintenance
⑰ RS｜6句
第一句
Engineers review the final records.
慢速：
常速：
第二句
Outstanding defects should be corrected.
慢速：
常速：
第三句
Handover documents record the completed work.
慢速：
常速：
第四句
The owner receives the final documentation.
慢速：
常速：
第五句
Maintenance plans identify future inspections.
慢速：
常速：
第六句
The project may be formally closed.
慢速：
常速：
最短主干
Engineers review records.
Defects should be corrected.
Documents record work.
The owner receives documentation.
Plans identify inspections.
The project may be closed.
做法
第一遍：
按顺序记听到的主要单词。
第二步：
删除形容词和次要修饰语。
第三步：
恢复主干。
今天不要强迫自己一听就判断主干。
目标：
按顺序记词：5/6；
英文关键词：5/6；
主干：5/6；
基本完整：4/6；
直接英文主干：0—1/6都正常；
学习后完整：6/6。
⑱ Speaking｜15分钟
1
关键词：
engineers / review / records
主干
主干：
Engineers review records.
完整
完整：
Engineers review the final records.
2
关键词：
defects / corrected
主干
主干：
Defects should be corrected.
完整
完整：
Outstanding defects should be corrected before handover.
3
关键词：
documents / record / work
主干
主干：
Documents record work.
完整
完整：
Handover documents record the completed work.
4
关键词：
plan / identifies / inspections
主干
主干：
The plan identifies inspections.
完整
完整：
The maintenance plan identifies future inspection requirements.
目标：
关键词提示下主干：4/4；
完整句：3/4；
不要求全部直接跳过中文；
至少1句尝试从英文关键词直接组合。
⑲ 今日词汇优先级
A级：核心必会
1. project close-out
**中文：**项目收尾；项目关闭阶段
工程专业含义：
工程施工、检查、资料整理和缺陷处理完成后，正式结束项目的过程。
词形：
close out：动词，完成并结束
close-out：名词或定语，收尾
closure：名词，关闭、结束
常用搭配：
project close-out：项目收尾
close out a project：完成项目收尾
close-out process：项目收尾流程
before project close-out：项目结束前
close-out documentation：收尾资料
例句：
Engineers review the final records before project close-out.
工程师在项目收尾前审查最终记录。
2. outstanding defects
**中文：**遗留缺陷；尚未处理的缺陷
工程专业含义：
检查中已发现，但在项目移交或关闭前仍未完成整改的问题。
词形：
defect：缺陷
defective：有缺陷的
outstanding：尚未解决的
常用搭配：
outstanding defects：遗留缺陷
identify outstanding defects：识别遗留缺陷
correct outstanding defects：整改遗留缺陷
address outstanding defects：处理遗留缺陷
defect list：缺陷清单
例句：
Outstanding defects should be corrected before handover.
遗留缺陷应在移交前完成整改。
3. handover documentation
**中文：**移交文件；竣工移交资料
工程专业含义：
项目移交给业主时提供的图纸、检查记录、监测结果、维护建议和修复资料。
词形：
hand over：动词，移交
handover：名词或定语，移交
documentation：成套文件资料
常用搭配：
handover documentation：移交文件
prepare handover documents：准备移交资料
submit handover documentation：提交移交文件
formal handover：正式移交
handover process：移交流程
例句：
Handover documentation should accurately record the completed repair.
移交文件应准确记录已完成的修复工作。
4. maintenance schedule
**中文：**维护计划表；维护时间安排
工程专业含义：
规定结构检查、维护和必要修理的时间、周期及责任要求。
词形：
maintain：动词，维护
maintenance：名词，维护
schedule：名词，计划表、进度表
常用搭配：
maintenance schedule：维护计划表
prepare a maintenance schedule：编制维护计划
follow the maintenance schedule：遵循维护计划
scheduled maintenance：计划性维护
maintenance requirements：维护要求
例句：
The maintenance schedule identifies future inspection intervals.
维护计划表规定了未来的检查周期。
5. verify completion
**中文：**核实工作已经完成
工程专业含义：
通过检查文件、现场状态和整改记录，确认所有要求的工作已经完成。
词形：
verify：动词，核实
verification：名词，核实、验证
complete：动词或形容词
completion：名词，完成
常用搭配：
verify completion：核实已经完成
verify the completed work：核实已完成的工作
completion verification：完工核验
verify compliance：核实符合要求
verify that...：确认……
例句：
Engineers verify completion before the project is formally closed.
工程师在项目正式结束前核实全部工作已经完成。
B级：高频重要
1. address a defect
**中文：**处理缺陷；解决缺陷
工程专业含义：
address在工程文件中通常不是“写地址”，而是采取措施处理某个问题。
常用搭配：
address a defect：处理缺陷
address an issue：处理问题
address safety concerns：处理安全隐患
defects have been addressed：缺陷已经得到处理
例句：
All identified defects should be addressed before handover.
所有已发现的缺陷都应在移交前得到处理。
2. retain project records
**中文：**保存项目记录
常用搭配：
retain project records：保存项目记录
retain inspection records：保存检查记录
retain for future reference：保留供以后参考
record retention period：记录保存期限
例句：
The owner should retain the project records for future reference.
业主应保存项目记录供以后参考。
3. future inspection requirements
**中文：**未来检查要求；后续检查要求
常用搭配：
future inspection requirements：未来检查要求
identify inspection requirements：确定检查要求
recommended inspection interval：建议检查周期
periodic inspection requirements：定期检查要求
例句：
The maintenance plan identifies future inspection requirements.
维护计划确定未来的检查要求。
C级：低频了解
1. remedial work
**中文：**整改工作；补救性工程
工程专业含义：
为修正缺陷、施工错误或性能问题而实施的补充施工。
常用搭配：
carry out remedial work：开展整改工作
additional remedial work：额外整改工作
remedial measures：补救措施
remedial action：整改措施
例句：
Additional remedial work may be required before handover.
移交前可能需要开展额外的整改工作。
2. formally close a project
**中文：**正式结束项目
常用搭配：
formally close a project：正式结束项目
project is formally closed：项目被正式关闭
formal project closure：项目正式结束
before formal closure：正式结束之前
例句：
The project may be formally closed after all records have been approved.
